I’ve long entertained the following hypothesis about the origin of our species: millions of years ago, an ape began to take an active interest in its offspring. Children became a resource. Mothers and others favoured docile, educable young who would stay close and could be shaped into reproductive allies. Human consciousness likely co-evolved with this […]
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The Platonic case for Bitcoin
The basic idea of digital money is that digits can represent economic value. This value can be transferred by means of an accounting ledger. For example, ledger A might include: Alice = 0001, Bob = 0000 … Alice = 0000, Bob = 0001 Here, 1 unit of value has been transferred from Alice to Bob. […]
Bitcoin and academia
Paul Krugman once said to Bernard Lietaer, a monetary theorist and one of the architects of the euro, that he should ‘never touch the money system’ because he would kill himself academically. This statement is akin to ‘never question God’ in the academic environment of the middle ages. Indeed, Bitcoin is relevant to academia because […]
On the behaviour of language 3
When someone trains a dog to follow a command, they are actively making the dog respond to signals such as a pointing gesture or a spoken word. As I wrote in my letter, they are establishing a signal–response relationship. This is made easier by dogs’ unusual attentiveness to human signals — a trait far stronger […]
On the behaviour of language 2
Humans have a strong need to communicate.I illustrated this in my previous post by comparing mother–infant communication in humans and chimpanzees. Human infants are surrounded by a flurry of signals directed at them — gestures, words, and tones from mothers and other elders — something unseen in other primates, where communication, if any, flows from […]
On the behaviour of language
Many people misunderstand my recently published letter, The Behaviour of Language.The confusion, I think, comes down to our ingrained perception of meaning in nature. Picture a mother chimp and her offspring.‘I’m hungry,’ says the infant chimpanzee.Of course, it says nothing of the kind — but that is how we tend to see it. When the […]